The recent case before the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) could shake the world of football governance, urging FIFA to change its regulations. Defining the player-clubs’ relations was never an easy task. However, the football industry is continuously growing. FIFA, the sport’s governing body, implemented multiple rules to regulate the status and transfers of professional football players. However, specific articles of those regulations could contradict the EU principles of Competition Law and Freedom of Movement. Advocate General Maciej Szpunar published his opinion on this case, suggesting that specific articles potentially contradict the EU law. The case revolves […]
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The inaugural meeting of the informal Expert Group on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) took place online on April 23, 2024. Hosted by the Directorate-General for Taxation and Customs Union (DG TAXUD), the meeting marked the beginning of a collaborative effort to guide the implementation of CBAM during its transitional phase and the definitive period, which is set to commence on January 1, 2026. The expert group comprises representatives from EU Member States, industry associations, NGOs, civil society, observers from third countries and international organizations. The session began with a welcome from DG TAXUD, acknowledging the participants’ commitment to […]
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The European Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) was formally signed by the co-legislators, the European Council, and the European Parliament today. The Act will enter into force 20 days after publication in the EU Official Journal. Introduction to the European Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) In an era marked by rapid technological advancement and escalating geopolitical tensions, securing access to essential resources has become a priority for nations worldwide. The European Union, recognizing the strategic necessity of ensuring a sustainable and secure supply of critical raw materials (CRMs), has adopted the European Critical Raw Materials Act. This legislative framework is […]
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Intro In a historic ruling, the General Court (GC) has upended a significant European Commission (Commission) Decision, accusing the BEH Group of leveraging its dominant position in Bulgaria’s gas supply market. This landmark gas market case is unprecedented as it represents a full annulment of Article 102 TFEU decision, underscoring the meticulous scrutiny applied by the GC in its assessment of competition law matters. At the heart of this legal saga is the Bulgarian Energy Holding (BEH), a state-owned entity boasting key subsidiaries like Bulgargaz and Bulgartransgaz, which play pivotal roles in Bulgaria’s energy sector. These two entities were the […]
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The European Union’s Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD) has faced escalating challenges since its final draft release on January 20. Despite weeks of uncertainty and concerns over the proposal’s fate, supporters were buoyed by the European Council’s unexpected decision to schedule a vote for February 28. However, optimism quickly waned as the vote failed to garner sufficient support. This cast doubt on the CSDDD’s revival before the March 15 deadline for approval by the European Parliament. The Directive The CSDDD, also called the CS3D, aims to establish a corporate due diligence standard on sustainability issues within the EU. The […]
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On February 8, 2024, the European Commission (“EC”) unveiled an updated Market Definition Notice (“the Notice”). The revision plays a crucial role in the EC’s approach to assessing mergers and antitrust cases by delineating the competitive boundaries and assessing the market power of companies. The Notice extends beyond EU Member States, mandating compliance from Western Balkan countries (“WBs“) aligned with the EU competition law acquis. Namely, all WBs, through the Stabilization and Association Agreements, have committed to enforce the criteria derived from the implementation of competition rules applicable in the EU, in particular from famous Articles 101, 102, 106 and […]
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In a landmark accomplishment, the collaborative efforts of Gecić Law’s ESG and EU Law teams, alongside Shibolet & Co.’s Environment, Sustainability & Climate Change team, in partnership with Sher Consulting & Training, have led to a significant milestone. This achievement marks the successful submission of the first CBAM reports from Israel in accordance with the EU’s new CBAM (Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism) regulation. This groundbreaking collaboration supports Israeli aluminum, steel, and iron exporters, addressing the challenges of a new era in environmental accountability. Importers successfully submitted their first CBAM reports, covering the fourth quarter of 2023, by the January 31, […]
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In an era where businesses are increasingly attuned to their environmental and social footprint, the European Union has ushered in a transformative era by introducing the Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence Directive (CSDDD). Anticipated to take effect in 2024, this groundbreaking legislation is poised to reshape the landscape for companies operating within the EU and beyond its borders. At its essence, the CSDDD compels large companies to: Identify, prevent, and alleviate potential adverse impacts on human rights and the environment across their entire value chain, encompassing subsidiaries, suppliers, and downstream partners. Institute a due diligence process integrating risk assessment, grievance mechanisms, […]
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The European Union (EU) has recently made another significant advancement in its commitment to reducing carbon emissions by reaching a provisional agreement on stringent regulations to reduce emissions from trucks, buses, and trailers. These heavy-duty vehicles (HDVs) are known to be substantial contributors to harmful emissions. With the implementation of these new rules, there will be a significant shift towards cleaner and more eco-friendly transportation. What’s changing? Starting in 2030, new HDVs will have to emit 45% less carbon dioxide (CO2) compared to 2019 levels. This target becomes even more ambitious in 2035, with a 65% reduction in CO2 emissions […]
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New rules Fédération internationale de football association (“FIFA”), with its prerogatives in creating the legal framework for the game of football, enacted new changes in their FIFA Football Agent Regulations (“FFAR”). To create a more transparent, efficient, and just system, the new regulations aim to reinforce contractual stability, protect the integrity of the transfer system, and achieve greater financial transparency. However, some of the introduced provisions may potentially violate competition laws, leading to a reluctance among many countries to incorporate the FFAR into their national regulations. With many court proceedings in various national courts from England to Brazil and before […]
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In a move to learn more about emerging digital markets, the European Commission today launched calls for contributions focused on virtual worlds and generative AI. These initiatives represent a step by the Commission to understand the competitive dynamics in these rapidly evolving sectors. The Commission has reached out to various stakeholders, requesting information to gain a comprehensive view of the current state of competition in these innovative fields. Players from all corners of the industry, including developers, consumers, and academic experts, will indeed share their experiences and insights. Virtual Worlds: A New Competitive Landscape Virtual worlds, characterized by their persistent, […]
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Gecić Law is honored to announce that our esteemed colleague and counsel, Branko Gabrić, will share his specialist knowledge during an upcoming interactive global webinar on the European Union’s new Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) regulation. The prestigious global legal network TerraLex presents the event “The Impact of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism.” Branko will be in the company of illustrious speakers, including Assunção Cristas, Head of Environment at Vieira de Almeida, and Nithya Nagarajan, Partner at Husch Blackwell. The event aims to discuss the implementation of CBAM, a groundbreaking initiative by the European Union. The mechanism entered its transitional phase […]
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The European Union (EU) has introduced a growth plan to accelerate the accession of the Western Balkans. European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen unveiled a commitment of EUR 6 billion at the Western Balkans summit in Tirana. Out of this amount, two billion euros will be in grants and four billion euros in loans. However, specific details regarding the mechanisms of this growth plan are still pending clarification. The EU’s strategy is to bring the region closer economically before political integration. This would allow the Western Balkans to benefit from certain privileges. Benefits include the free movement of goods […]
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Bogdan Gecić, Founding Partner at Gecić Law, recently spoke to Euractiv Serbia and shared his insights on the critical changes in international trade likely to ensue as a result of the European Union’s groundbreaking Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) regulation. The regulation entered its transitional phase on October 1, 2023. Moreover, Bogdan detailed the ramifications for businesses. The article is titled “CBAM: Why is It Important and What Do We Need to Know?” The article clearly explains the motivation and reasoning behind this unique regulation. With the CBAM, the EU pioneers the world’s first carbon border tax on imports into […]
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5G is the fifth-generation mobile network, which promises to lead to a revolution, particularly in transportation. This article focuses on connected and automated mobility (CAM), an offspring of 5G. CAM lets vehicles communicate with each other and with the surrounding infrastructure. Such communication can, in fact, enhance road safety, ease traffic jams, and cut CO2 emissions. With this in mind, countries worldwide are diligently working on developing 5G cross-border corridors. 5G cross-border corridors are networks that connect transportation routes. These routes, whether along roads, railways, or waterways, maintain 5G connectivity across international borders. This connectivity is vital for CAM’s full-scale […]
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Bogdan Gecić, the Founding Partner of Gecić Law, recently spoke with journalist Paddy Bolton. He was thereafter quoted in a Brussels Signal article regarding the EU’s Foreign Subsidies regulation (FSR) and its application in football. Spain’s top football division has filed a complaint with the European Commission (EC) against France’s Paris Saint-Germain (PSG). They argue that PSG’s funding from Qatar violates the EU’s rules on foreign subsidies. Similarly, Belgian football club Royal Excelsior Virton has raised objections about Lommel SK, which receives Abu Dhabi funds. The Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) and Football These interventions come after the EU’s FSR came into […]
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Gecić Law experts will participate in multiple sectoral training sessions on the EU’s new Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) in October and November. The Ministry of Environmental Protection and the Chamber of Commerce of Serbia initiated the training program within the Swiss Program on Capacities for Trade Policies (C4TP) framework. CBAM training sessions will hence take place in several cities in Serbia during the next two months. These sessions are particularly tailored to the economic sectors affected by the CBAM regulation. First CBAM Training Session on Fertilizers On Monday, the program started its first full-day workshop at the Chamber of […]
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In recent times, the European football landscape has witnessed a significant transformation. The changes have been catalyzed by an unexpected influence – financial subsidies pouring in from Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). These subsidies have not only captured the attention of football enthusiasts but have also raised concerns within the European Union (EU) regarding their impact on the continent’s football market. This article will explore these concerns’ intricacies, focusing on how the EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) intersects with the football world. The Complaints It all started with the complaints from football national leagues in Europe. One of […]
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Bogdan Gecić, the Founding Partner of Gecić Law, recently spoke with journalist Paddy Bolton. He was thereafter quoted in a Brussels Signal article regarding the significant changes coming up with the European Union’s pioneering Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) regulation. The European Union (EU) has begun a transitional phase for implementing CBAM, effective October 1. This initiative, part of the European Green Deal, aims to reduce carbon emissions by taxing carbon-intensive imports. The article discusses the possible implications of CBAM. Boston Consulting Group predicts this could increase the average car price in the EU by approximately EUR 600. This is […]
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The SEEenergy conference kicked off this morning with an exciting panel on Decarbonization in the economy. Our colleague Branko Gabrić sparked great interest as he spoke about the EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM). The discussion was timely as the new regulation took effect on October 1. The code will introduce significant changes, especially for a specific group of carbon-intensive industries. The energy sector is consequently among the most significantly affected. Panel Discussion on Decarbonization in Industry The distinguished panelists hailed from companies in diverse industries, including Henkel, ABB Group, Schneider Electric, Energy Net, and Viessmann. They shared their views on Decarbonization and specific […]
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From this Sunday, October 1, the European Union (EU) will start implementing the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) in its transitional phase. This regulation reflects the EU’s commitment to mitigating carbon leakage as part of the Fit for 55 Agenda. It aims to harmonize carbon costs between local and imported products. CBAM should also galvanize global industries towards adopting greener technologies. Initially, this mechanism will include cement, aluminum, steel, electricity, hydrogen, and fertilizer imports. From now on, importers must submit quarterly reports on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in production. Data collection starts in the last quarter of 2023, with the […]
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The European Union has formally unveiled today specific rules for importers on implementing the world’s first carbon border tax. These guidelines in the form of its Implementing Regulation were published today in the EU’s official journal, highlighting the processes to be followed by EU importers in light of the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) during its transitional phase. The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism is a groundbreaking initiative by the European Union. CBAM aims to level the playing field between EU producers who bear carbon pricing costs and foreign producers who don’t face these charges. It discourages businesses from seeking cheaper […]
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Bogdan Gecić, the Founding Partner of Gecić Law, provided insights today for Euronews Serbia’s primary news program regarding the significant changes coming up in the environmental law and international trade, driven by the European Union’s pioneering Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) regulation. The CBAM regulation will begin to apply on October 1, 2023. Bogdan shared his views on the steps businesses that exporters should take to prepare. This applies to carbon-intensive sectors, including iron and steel, electricity, fertilizers, cement, hydrogen, and aluminum. In his guest appearance on Euronews, Bogdan delved into the genesis and rationale behind this unique regulation. The […]
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Introduction The European Union has initiated the world’s first carbon border tax, known as the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM), in a strategic move to tackle the mounting concerns of climate change. The CBAM is designed to level the competitive landscape, ensuring that EU companies, which are already bearing the cost of their carbon emissions, remain on equal footing with enterprises originating from nations with minimal or no carbon emission charges. While the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) stands as a significant development in the realm of climate policy, its ramifications extend beyond environmental considerations, reshaping the contours of international […]
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Starting from July 1, 2023, the newly adopted Horizontal Block Exemption Regulations on Research and Development Agreements (“R&D“) and Specialisation agreements (together “HBERs“) shall take effect in the EU. The essence of HBERs, and the accompanying Horizontal Guidelines (“Guidelines“), is to facilitate the self-assessment of the most common types of horizontal cooperation agreements. They are also well-known as a safe harbor to undertakings, for as long as the latter comply with the rules set in the HBERs, leading to block exemption of such agreements from the competition rules. The novelties in said pieces of legislation offer a more flexible approach […]
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On Tuesday, the EU Parliament unleashed a legislative game-changer in the global climate battle, adopting the world’s first carbon border tax (CBAM). The MEPs also formally adopted the deals reached with the Council in December 2022 on several other critical pieces of legislation, including the closely-related revised EU’s Emissions Trading System (“EU ETS“) and a new Social Climate Fund (“SCF“), all a vital part of the EU’s Fit for 55 package, designed to help the bloc cut greenhouse-gas emissions by 55 percent by 2030 against a 1990 baseline. The CBAM complements the EU Emissions Trading System (ETS), addressing the phenomenon of […]
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Gecić Law is proud to announce that it has been recognized as a Recommended Firm in The Legal 500 Green Guide: EMEA 2023, making it one of only two firms in the Western Balkans to make the ranking. The guide recognizes law firms for contributing to the green transition by exploring their work for clients in connection with climate change mitigation and sustainability while highlighting their own internal best practices and green initiatives. Gecić Law was commended for launching its dedicated ESG practice, the region’s first by an independent law firm, and for its groundbreaking work in areas including environmental […]
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EU and Western Balkans leaders gathered in Albania last December for the EU and Western Balkans Summit to discuss cooperation and EU perspectives of the region. The Tirana Declaration (“Declaration”) was signed between the leaders of the Western Balkans Six and the EU Member States, with representatives of the EU Council and the EU Commission. The document comprises specific initiatives to strengthen regional cooperation in parallel with the EU accession processes. One of the Declaration’s critical topics was the Western Balkans’ commitment to fully implement the Green Agenda and develop a carbon pricing policy in the context of the EU […]
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In her keynote speech at the 2023 World Economic Forum in Davos, Ursula von der Leyen, EU Commission President, outlined yesterday the main pillars of the EU’s Green Deal Industrial Plan to boost Europe’s leadership in green technology on its road to carbon neutrality. “We know we have a small window to invest in clean tech and innovation to gain leadership before the fossil fuel economy becomes obsolete,” said von der Leyen. As the plan’s regulatory pillar, she announced a new Net-zero Industry Act to support the “greatest industrial transformation of our times” and keep up with strongly incentivized programs […]
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As anticipated for some time in the previous months, while having been agreed upon between the EU institutions, the Foreign Subsidies Regulation (Regulation) finally saw the light of day on January 12, 2023. Its application will commence on July 12, 2023. The Regulation offers new tools for the European Commission (Commission) to investigate financial contributions from non-EU countries to companies operating in the EU to prevent distortions in the internal market. This specific State aid regime provides for an extended application of EU rules and the Commission’s competencies beyond the EU borders. One of the notable features is that the […]
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The European Union is fast-tracking the road to a greener future as EU institutions reach provisional agreements on the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (“CBAM”) and the EU Emissions Trading System (“ETS”). After round-the-clock negotiations between EU officials, the “Fit for 55” legislative package with the ultimate goal of reaching carbon neutrality by 2050 is now being finalized. What are the implications for non-EU countries? EU’s Climate Action Recognizing the threats of climate change, the European Union adopted a range of climate laws, which includes the ETS and the CBAM, as part of the revolutionary “Fit for 55” legislative package. In contrast to the […]
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The European Commission (Commission) continues to work on implementing the Digital Markets Act (DMA). On December 9, 2022, the Commission published a draft regulation on implementing the DMA and annexes. Public consultations are currently underway until January 6, 2023. The Commission would like to consider the input of different publics and take on board their suggestions, comments, and proposals when finalizing this draft regulation. Feedback received will be published on the Commission’s website and must adhere to the rules for input and suggestions. To participate in the public consultation process, interested parties must register. The regulation aims to ensure fair, efficient, and complete […]
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A significant and long-awaited day for Bosnia and Herzegovina! As announced by the Council of the EU, the EU General Affairs Council recommended granting the candidate status to Bosnia and Herzegovina. The European Council will make the formal decision on Thursday, December 15, at the summit of the leaders EU’s 27 in Brussels. It’s been six years since the country submitted its formal application for full membership in the EU back in 2016. The process is now nearing its conclusion, and yet another Western Balkans country is about to reach its primary goal – attaining candidate status as an essential step […]
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New developments are coming up in Frontex agreements! On November 18, 2022, the European Council gave the green light for the opening of negotiations to broaden the already signed cooperation agreements between Frontex and four Western Balkans countries (Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Serbia). This cooperation reflects the European integrated border management concept with non-EU countries and enables Frontex to carry out joint operations and deploy staff in these countries. The arrangement became operational in 2019 with the signing of the first agreement with Albania. Apart from the above countries, it includes Moldova and North Macedonia. On the other […]
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We were recently entered the finals in four categories for The Lawyer European Awards 2022 and became one of the most nominated law firms in the whole of Europe! As last year’s winner, Gecić Law was nominated for Law firm of the Year: South East Europe, a 150 million strong market, and entered the finals with three of its practice area teams for impressive achievements in competition, corporate and litigation, standing shoulder to shoulder with the crème de la crème of the entire continent. Gecić Law received the most nominations among this year’s contenders across all of Europe – an […]
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On November 10, 2022, the European Parliament finally adopted the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (“CSRD“). The CSRD intends to expand the application of corporate sustainability standards across the market by including an even larger specter of business entities compared to the application scope of the Non-financial Reporting Directive (“NFRD“). NFRD applied only to large companies with more than 500 employees. In contrast, the CSRD comes with larger ambitions and will apply not only to large companies but also to listed SMEs and third-country companies with significant operations on the EU market and a daughter company or a branch office in the […]
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According to the International Monetary Fund, in the next 30 years, Serbia could lose as much as a fifth of its domestic workforce. On the other hand, the Serbian economy shows an opposite trend, and its growth creates a need for additional labor. When the domestic labor market cannot meet the demands of employers, this opens the doors for foreign workers. Of course, the national labor market is designed so that domestic citizens have a better position while foreigners face certain (legal) obstacles. In that sense, in this analysis, we raise the question of the legislative treatment of foreigners in […]
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The EU Digital Markets Act (DMA) entered into force on November 1, 2022, and it will start to apply in early 2023, while its “partner in crime,” the Digital Services Act, still awaits its moment in the limelight, announced to ensue in a year. Together they form a single set of new rules which aim to apply across the whole of the EU to create a safer and more open digital space. One may say it’s all about digital, but essentially, it’s all about undistorted competition in digital! A New Digital Era Begins with the DMA! The DMA rocked the tech […]
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November 1, 2022, was a big day for the EU! And not only the EU. The EU Digital Markets Act (DMA) finally saw the light of day. As its implementation will start in six months, we need to be ready for all the changes it will introduce in the tech world. Incited by the good old competition case law, the DMA will tackle the concerns that the European Commission (Commission) had in its previous practice. So, on the one hand, there will be loads of new obligations to the tech companies meeting the criteria of being designated as gatekeepers, and on the […]
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The European Union (EU) and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) signed yesterday in Bali the world’s first bloc-to-bloc Comprehensive Air Transport Agreement (CATA). Most EU member states so far have had bilateral agreements with some of the ASEAN countries, with different scopes and rules. However, very few had such arrangements with all the countries of ASEAN. The new agreement now includes all member states of each region and replaces all existing contracts with a unified framework, connecting more than one billion people. The agreement aims to revitalize air travel and transport between Southeast Asia and Europe, which has […]
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Newsflash! The time has come for universal chargers to hit it on! Following the provisional political agreement reached in June 2022 between the EU institutions, on October 4, 2022, the European Parliament passed a new law on universal chargers to ease reducing e-waste and enable more sustainable choices for consumers. What does this actually refer to? Namely, all small and medium-sized mobile electronic devices will need to be equipped with a USB Type C port. Thus, consumers will no longer have to use different chargers to charge their devices from different manufacturers. The agreement will be applied to […]
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The European Commission’s (Commission) antitrust enforcers are investigating Google Play Store. The antitrust enforcers are now looking into the restrictions Google has placed on the Play Store app market. According to the sources, the Commission has sent a confidential questionnaire to several companies that use the Play Store. Most of the questions are about the billing terms and fees they must pay to this tech giant to be listed in its application catalog. Any purchase made inside an application (in-app) that has been downloaded from the Play Store is subject to a 15% to 30% fee that Google charges. Publishers […]
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Building on our CBAM series, we can now report that the CBAM was adopted by the EU Parliament (“Parliament”) on June 22, 2022. The next step is the EU Council approval (“Council”). Even though there are still some differences regarding the approach between the Parliament and the Council, it is assumed that their shared vision of the overall goals will be decisive in finding a compromise on regulation introducing CBAM. Back in 2005, the EU established the EU Emissions Trading System (“ETS”), which has since become a cornerstone of the EU’s climate change policy and its most important tool for reducing […]
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Today in Brussels, the EU parliament, EU governments and the European Commission will try to agree on uniform rules for corporate reporting on environmental, governance and social standards (ESG). This will be the last time that the lawmakers meet to confirm the new reporting rules. Pascal Durand, the lead negotiator for the European parliament, stated ahead of the meeting: “If we strike a deal tonight, the EU will set the tone of the global conversation on sustainable standards for the company of the 21st century.” This highlights the importance of the new uniform reporting rules for the companies, and as […]
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In this edition of our series dedicated to our esteemed colleagues who were recognized in this year’s The Legal 500 EMEA rankings, we bring you our founder and managing partner Bogdan Gecić. After being recognized by The Legal 500 as a Leading Individual in Competition for seven consecutive years, in this year’s rankings, Bogdan was especially honored by being amongst the distinguished few to be inducted into the elite global directory’s newly established EMEA Hall of Fame category, which highlights the law firm partners who are at the pinnacle of the profession having received constant praise by their clients for continued […]
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The first post-covid Global Meeting of the elite global legal alliance TerraLex was last week’s highlight as lawyers from 180 member law firms from across the globe gathered in Oslo. Delegates had the opportunity to learn, collaborate and network with their colleagues in a unique series of activities and a relaxed collegial atmosphere. The Gecić Law team took to the center stage, as for the first time the alliance built its annual meeting around a single theme, choosing one of the hottest topics in the legal world today – ESG: Environmental, Social, and Governance. The gathering took a multifaceted approach […]
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Building on our series of CBAM articles, we report shocking news from the EU Parliament. Members of the EU Parliament (“MEPs”) unexpectedly rejected a series of legislative proposals from the “Fit for 55” legislative package, including the EU Parliament’s negotiating position on the introduction of a Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (“CBAM”). Back in 2005, the EU established the EU Emissions Trading System (“ETS”) which has since become a cornerstone of the EU’s climate change policy and its most important tool for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Since its inception, the ETS is constantly being reformed which was one of the goals […]
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In anticipation of the June 7 plenary session when the European Parliament will take on the CBAM proposal, we delve into the key ideas behind and the expected game-changing impact of the regulation on international trade. In this edition of our CBAM series, find out more about how this wind of change may affect consumers, businesses and economies across the globe. Why is the EU introducing a new carbon pricing policy? As a new policy, the Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (“CBAM”) is being developed to work in conjunction with the EU Emission Trading System (“ETS”) – a cornerstone of the EU’s […]
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What has been in the making for years now is set to become a reality very soon. The EU’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (“CBAM”) is expected to be adopted at the plenary session of the European Parliament, which will be held on June 7, 2022. The EU is finalizing its plans to introduce a charge at its border for carbon emissions associated with products sold in the EU. This is likely to mark a tectonic shift in international trade with far-reaching implications for businesses and economies around the world that rely on exporting their goods to the European Union. In […]
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On May 10, 2022, the European Commission adopted a new Vertical Block Exemption Regulation (“VBER“) and related guidelines (“Vertical Guidelines“), following a detailed review of the previous Vertical Block Exemption Regulation dating to 2010 (“old VBER“). The objective of the VBER is to exempt agreements between undertakings operating at different levels of the supply chain (“vertical agreements”): if certain market share thresholds are met, and provided the agreement does not contain certain prohibited restrictions (“hardcore restrictions”). In other words, the VBER aims to recognize which types of vertical agreements are generally efficiency-enhancing and provide benefits to consumers. One of the […]
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The Committee on the Environment, Public Health, and Food Safety (“ENVI”) decided on Wednesday to accelerate the shift to electric vehicles in Europe to reach increased climate ambitions. In July 2021, as part of the ‘’Fit for 55’’ package, the European Commission (‘’Commission’’) decided to propose an amendment to the Regulation 2019/631 to strengthen the CO2 emission performance standards for new passenger cars and new light commercial vehicles in line with the Union’s increased climate ambition. Currently, carmakers need to ensure that their average fleet of new cars emits no more than 95 grams of C02 a kilometer. Lawmakers have […]
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Today is Earth Day, a global celebration held on April 22 every year to show support for environmental protection. It began on April 22, 1970, and has since grown to include a diverse range of events coordinated globally, involving over a billion people in over 193 nations. On Earth Day 2016, the United States, the United Kingdom, China, and 120 other countries signed the historic Paris Agreement. To mark this important day, Gecić Law is bringing you a special Insights Report dedicated to the European Union’s legislative journey toward a carbon-neutral continent. In July 2021, the European Commission (“EC“) adopted […]
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What are shell companies? These are legitimate legal entities that do not own assets or conduct business operations. Although they are not illegal, they may be used illicitly. Shares of shell companies are not traded on stock exchanges. Most exist on paper only and are little more than a mailing address. That is why the European Commission (“EC”) has issued a draft directive on shell companies. Legal vs Illegal Use of Shell Companies Examples of the legal use of a shell corporation could be to serve as vehicles in cross-border transactions, such as mergers and acquisitions. However, shell companies are […]
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The Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU“) delivered two judgments on 22 March 2022. By those judgments, the CJEU ruled on the scope of the protection afforded by the prohibition of ne bis in idem principle in competition law. The CJEU recalled in both cases that the application of the ne bis in idem principle is subject to a twofold condition. First, there must be a prior final decision and secondly, the prior decision and the subsequent proceedings must concern the same facts. The CJEU clarified that the limitations may be imposed on the exercise of a fundamental right, such as the prohibition against double […]
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In late 2021, the Romanian Constitutional Court issued a statement regarding the judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union (”Judgment”) in Cases C-357/19 Euro Box Promotion and Others, C379/19 DNA – Oradea Territorial Service, C-547/19 “Romanian Judges Forum”, C-811/19 FQ and others and C-840/19 NC. The Judgment established that national judges are entitled to disregard the decisions of the Romanian Constitutional Court that are not aligned with the EU law without any risk of disciplinary measures. Moreover, it addressed the Romanian justice reforms and pointed out the mandatory character of the EU’s recommendations, embedded in the Cooperation and […]
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The European Ombudsman Emily O’Reilly stated on Friday that text messages between EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and the CEO of pharmaceutical giant Pfizer are documents the public should have access to. O’Reilly’s opinion indicates that the Commission mishandled a request for public access to these messages, which concern the EU’s purchase of COVID 19 vaccines from the manufacturer. The European Commission had earlier denied a request made on 4 May 2021 via Access Info’s AsktheEU.org platform by Alexander Fanta, a journalist with netzpolitik.org. Access Info’s platform enables citizens of the EU direct access to public information. The […]
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The Global Gateway initiative was unveiled on December 1, 2021, as a strategy of the European Union (“EU”) to support sustainable infrastructure development around the world. The EU is planning to invest EUR 300 billion over five years. The European Commission pitched the Global Gateway as a template for how Europe aims to build more resilient connections across the globe. The Global Gateway is about increasing investment, promoting values and high standards, good governance and transparency, partnerships based on equality, green, clean, secure infrastructure, but also catalyzing and supporting private sector investment in new markets as part of the Global […]
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For several years in a row, Serbia is ranked among the leading destinations for foreign investors. According to the Greenfield FDI Performance Index, in 2019 Serbia was ranked first among 105 states observed by the index. A similar status was maintained throughout the subsequent years as Serbia ranked fifth in 2020, and sixth in 2021. According to the World Bank Doing Business rankings, Serbia is ranked among business-friendly jurisdictions, whose ease of doing business index grows regularly. The willingness to invest raises concerns regarding the legal and institutional framework of the host economy. Bilateral investment treaties (“BIT”) have been presented […]
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The end of 2021 was marked by changes in the legislation of the Republic of Serbia, which included the adoption of a new Capital Market Act (“Act”) that entered into force on January 5 this year. The objective of the Act is to introduce greater transparency and responsibility in business, the introduction and development of financial instruments offered on the Serbian capital market, creating a more attractive environment for both domestic and foreign investors. It was adopted following the government’s Capital Market Development Strategy 2021-2026, and the Action Plan for its implementation. The law will start to apply after one […]
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On December 9, 2021, the European Commission (’’Commission’’) approved Croatian State aid in the amount of EUR 783 million to support the production of electricity from renewable energy sources as part of the European Union’s endeavors to meet the climate and energy objectives set by the Communication ‘A policy framework for climate and energy in the period from 2020 to 2030’. The Croatian scheme will be open until 2023 and will be paid out to the selected beneficiaries for a period of 12 years. The Commission assessed this scheme under the 2014 Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and […]
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Bogdan Gecić, the founding partner at Gecić Law, spoke today at the winter edition of the prestigious Vivaldi Forum which traditionally takes place in Drvengrad, on the picturesque Mokra Gora mountain. His thought-provoking presentation titled “Sufficient Light: The Market and Competition”, delivered as part of the “Vivaldi Talks: Fertile Grounds for Growth” segment of the conference showed a fresh and unconventional perspective on the importance of fair competition for growth and development on the market, capturing the interest and sparking discussion among the delegates attending the event and numerous other participants who followed the session online. “Competition is a natural […]
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“The Earth is what we all have in common.” —Wendell Berry Environmental Social and Governance (“ESG”) are the three main elements that companies increasingly consider when deciding whether to cooperate with or invest in a company. It is also a term used in capital markets when assessing corporate behavior and a method of linking the performance in these three areas with the – future financial performance of corporations. The term is sometimes referred to as sustainable investing, responsible investing, impact investing, or socially responsible investing. Nevertheless, once enough data has been obtained, they are integrated into the investment process […]
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The battle for supremacy i.e. primacy between Member State and European Union (“EU”) law is in full swing, with the prospect of even more trouble. In late October, the EU’s highest court (“CJEU”) issued a landmark daily fine to Poland in the amount of EUR 1 million for failing to comply with CJEU’s order. This tremendous fine is the biggest to date and may very well be a warning to any other Member State that might try to question the primacy of EU law. Getting to the Biggest Supremacy Fine Polish judicial system reforms are what triggered the dispute between […]
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Gecić Law’s sustainability experts took part in two sessions at this fall’s CSR Forum organized by the Responsible Business Forum and Smart Kolektiv. Gecić Law and the Responsible Business Forum hosted a panel on responsible business practices on November 22. The event was held as part of the CSR Forum and was titled “Strategies for Sustainability – from CSR to ESG policies.” Our Partner and Head of Corporate / M&A Ognjen Colić moderated the panel. Meanwhile, speakers at the event were Erste Bank Senior Expert for Corporate Social Responsibility Sonja Konakov Sirčev, Nelt Operations Manager Milenko Ribić, Lidl Serbia CSR […]
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Gecić Law is pleased to announce that we have opened the application process for the Taboroši Scholarship for the fifth consecutive year. About the Scholarship The Taboroši Scholarship was established in memory of Professor Svetislav Taboroši, by family members and former students who have been inspired by the professor’s work and dedication to academic research and innovative problem-solving in the practice of business law. A brilliant teacher and scholar, Professor Taboroši strived to educate his students on the most recent trends in legal academic thinking and the importance of critical thinking in academic and professional analysis of international law & […]
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Multinational entities and governments are pushing for more action regarding Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues. As a result, enterprises increasingly integrate the ever-changing social and environmental factors into their business strategies. The concept of business success has changed and so must the actions they take. But what exactly is ESG? ESG is a set of standards to guide corporate policies to ensure sustainable development in the fields of environment, social and corporate governance. How Did We Get to ESG? Only twenty years ago, if one would ask a group of individuals with a business background about the main objective […]
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The European Commission has proposed the prolongation of the State aid Temporary Framework until 30 June 2022, in order to expedite the ongoing Covid-19 economic recovery in Europe. The Temporary Framework was initially adopted on 19 March 2020 and to this date, it was amended and prolonged five times (more information available here and here). Margaret Vestager, the Executive Vice-President, who is in charge of the competition policy said that we are finally seeing improvements in the EU economy after the big crisis that hit the EU due to Covid-19. She also added: ’’[W]e need to be aware of disparities […]
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Facebook teamed up with Ray-Ban to create Ray-Ban Stories, new smart glasses. The product, which will initially be only available in stores in Australia, Canada, Ireland, Italy, the UK and the US, is already facing severe scrutiny over privacy concerns. So, how are different privacy watchdogs taking the development of these spectacles? Did Facebook take any steps to respond to privacy concerns? And finally, could the smart glasses come under the radar of privacy watchdogs in the Western Balkans? What are Facebook’s Ray-Ban smart glasses? Smart glasses are not a new technological development. The concept has been around for […]
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The European Union (“EU”) will launch a project called Global Gateway, European Commission (“EC”) President Ursula von der Leyen said during her latest State of the Union address. The project will aim to bring the EU closer to its partners worldwide. Besides revealing plans for the Global Gateway, the commissioner also announced her Western Balkans trip. The fact that the two topics were brought to light in the annual EU policy speech may mean that the Global Gateway could bring more investments from the EU to the region. Commenting on the project, Von der Leyen added that the bloc wants […]
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The Irish Data Protection Commission (“DPC”) fined Facebook’s WhatsApp with EUR 225 million in its latest EU data protection ruling. The fine is the second largest of its kind in the EU. So far, only Amazon paid more in a privacy case in the EU. The DPC said in its ruling on September 2 that WhatsApp’s policies were not in line with the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), noting it registered breaches of Article 5(1)(a) as well as Articles 12 through 14. The breaches particularly include the provision of information and the transparency of that information to both users […]
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Why Schrems? The EU’s trust in the processing of personal data seems to be shaken. With the famous case Maximillian Schrems v Facebook Ireland Limited pending before the Austrian Supreme Court (“Court“) for a while now, Maximillian Schrems requested the Court to refer four questions to the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU“) concerning the lawful use of personal data of all Facebook users from the EU. So, who is Maximilian Schrems? Maximillian Schrems is a law student from Austria and a personal data protection activist who has been extremely vocal about data protection before EU authorities. […]
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In April, the Commercial Court of Madrid (“Court”) granted provisional measures forbidding FIFA and UEFA to adopt, any type of actions against the so-called European Super League (“ESL”) or against the teams and players participating in the newly proposed European football competition during the course of the main proceedings (Gecic Law has already given legal insight on this topic). Before the measures, the ESL sent a letter to FIFA and UEFA officials calling for cooperation, but also warning that they had taken legal actions to prevent and nullify any efforts to block their project. The Madrid Decision The Court […]
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The German Constitutional Court and the Court of Justice of the European Union (“CJEU”) have been at odds lately. In June 2021, the European Commission brought infringement proceedings against Germany over an alleged breach of the principle of primacy of EU law by the German Federal Constitutional Court. Namely, the German Federal Constitutional Court has delivered a landmark decision that is precedent-setting and has tremendous repercussions for the question of the power dynamics between the European Union (“EU”) and a Member State. Before getting into the nitty-gritty details of this legal conundrum, let us take a look at how things played […]
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It is almost impossible to remain unfazed by the increasing detriments of global warming. To make matters worse – the worst is yet to come, and we can only mitigate the unavoidable consequences. To this end, the European Union (“EU”) has sought to develop a strategy for combating climate change and global warming. The children of this effort are several significant legal acts. As part of the “Fit for 55” initiative, the EU wants to reduce net greenhouse emissions by 55% by 2030. So, here’s where we get to the hydrogen economy. The global economy is currently based on hydrocarbons […]
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Here we go again, fighting climate change. This time, we are focusing on State aid and climate change, and discussing an important question – how green is State aid? Back in 2019, Europe ushered the European Green Deal. The European Commission published a Communication on the European Green Deal in its tenacious efforts to tackle climate change and other environmental challenges. This Communication is the EU’s attempt to work on the transition to a future where there will be no “bad emissions”, to put it plainly. If we were to get more technical, to create a Europe with net-zero emissions […]
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A phenomenon known as the Internet of Things (“IoT”), which has been at the forefront of the global tech changes, recently caught the European Commission’s (“Commission”) attention. The Commission’s Preliminary Report and Q&A on this tech & business sector is a big step towards acknowledging IoT as a market of the future, while simultaneously pointing out some potential dangers of this groundbreaking technology. Internet of Things – a Brief Explanation Let’s imagine this situation: you are not only an ardent coffee drinker but also a sleepyhead. Your alarm wakes you up at 7.00 am. You have little precious time to […]
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The European Commission (“EC”) adopted the Fit for 55 climate action plan on Wednesday, announcing a legislative package that aims to cut carbon emissions in the European Union (“EU”) by 55% by 2030, compared to levels measured in 1990. It also calls for action to make the continent carbon neutral by 2050. The Fit for 55 package includes provisions on expanding the EU Emissions Trading System to charge for carbon emissions in more sectors. Additionally, it proposes Effort Sharing Regulation and prescribes new emissions-cutting targets per Member State. It also calls for an increase in renewable energy sources use, creates […]
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In the Republic of Serbia, agricultural policy is based on the Act on Agriculture and Rural Development and the Act on Incentives in Agriculture and Rural Development. However, none of these two acts enable the regulation of the agricultural products market and the introduction of new market regulation mechanisms, which are necessary to help Serbian agriculture maintain steady development. Market mechanisms in the Republic of Serbia are not in accordance with the common EU market organization. Serbia lacks a similar unique legal framework to implement most measures of market regulation. In order to harmonize further with mechanisms in the EU, […]
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At the event hosted by the API/IPA international press association, Slovenia revealed the priorities of its upcoming presidency of the Council of the EU and the Fit for 55 legislative package stole the spotlight all for itself. Before leaning into the story of Fit for 55, let us make a quick turn to the conference held just a few days ago. Slovenia is taking over the Council of the EU presidency for the next six months. The country’s Permanent Representative to the EU Mr. Iztok Jarc and his deputy Ms. Tamara Weingerl-Požar laid out the priorities of the presidency. Of […]
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The topic of data protection and Big Tech keeps on giving. It appears the subject of data protection simply does not want to leave the main stage and wishes to remain in everyone’s center of attention. This should not come as a surprise, since the world is only starting to become more integrated in terms of digital services provided by Big Tech companies. The most recent “controversy” on data protection and Big Tech comes from Germany, or to be more precise, Hamburg’s Commissioner for Data Protection (“Commissioner”). The Commissioner investigated Facebook’s use of personal data gathered from WhatsApp users and […]
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In the process of gradually aligning its legislation with the EU acquis the Government of the Republic of Serbia adopted two bylaws on 11 March 2021 in the field of state aid, complementary to the recently adopted new State Aid Control Act. All this adds value to the start of talks on the Chapter 8 – Competition Policy of Serbia’s negotiation process and may speed up Serbia’s EU accession. Regional Aid Regulation This regulation is designed to promote economic development of the least developed regions or the development of regions with a high level of unemployment. It also allows state […]
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Some reports say that it would be impossible to live in the digital world outside of the ecosystem created by Big Tech giants. The concentration of power in a small number of platforms has allowed some tech companies, popularly known as the Four Horsemen” to exercise unparalleled economic power and social impact almost without any oversight by regulators. These companies have complete market dominance, each in their respective field of expertise: Apple in consumer electronics and mobile operating systems; Facebook in the social media, Google in online searches, video-sharing and mapping-based navigation; and, finally, Amazon in the e-commerce market. Hence, […]
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The imaginary familiarity with a famous person through platforms such as Instagram is more common when the other party is a so-called influencer – a person that enjoys appreciation of a large number of users due to their reputation. The imaginary closeness is, on the other hand, a very powerful tool in hands of influencers as users often aspire to emulate their lifestyle. However, the lifestyle the influencer presents is not always genuine as the content presented often includes (some form of) promotion. When an influencer shows on their profile that they use a certain product, there is a great […]
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The EU’s second-highest court sided with Amazon.com (“Amazon”) recently, saying it did not owe millions to Luxembourg in unpaid taxes. On May 12, 2021, the General Court (“Court”) overturned the European Commission’s (“Commission”) order to Amazon to pay EUR 250 million to Luxembourg, as reimbursement of illegal State aid. The Court held that the European Commission’s primary finding of an alleged advantage was based on an incorrect analysis. Precisely, the Court argued that none of the findings set out by the Commission in the contested decision were sufficient to demonstrate the existence of an advantage for the purposes of Article […]
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Business cartels between competing market participants are designed to limit or eliminate competition between them, with the objective of increasing prices and profit of the cartel members. In practice, this is generally achieved by fixing prices, market sharing, limiting output, allocating customers or territories, bid-rigging, or a combination of the above. Cartels are harmful to consumers and society as a whole since the participating businesses charge higher prices (and earn higher profits) than would be the case in a competitive market. Because of their negative impact on the market, competition legislation fights against cartels, imposing substantial fines on participants, which […]
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Legal Framework for the so-called influencing To say that there is no special advertising act in Bosnia and Herzegovina (“BiH”) is not completely true. Namely, certain forms of (illegal) advertising are regulated by the Prohibited Advertising Act. This Act regulates the protection of merchants from illicit advertising, the protection of procedures and determines forms of illicit advertising. On the other hand, advertising as such is regulated indirectly at the level of the Federation. In this regard, the Consumer Protection Act is applicable, considering that BiH is one of few European countries that has neither a media act nor an electronic […]
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The European Union (“EU”) and Japan created a Green Alliance and issued a document on May 27 that defines their joint goals on climate change. They committed to green growth and reaching carbon neutrality by 2050, reaffirming their commitment to the Paris Agreement. The creation of the alliance comes ahead of the UN climate conference in Glasgow in November. The event should define the implementation of the Paris Agreement. In the meantime, the EU and Japan have promised to promote green economy goals. They noted that they will help developing nations transition to low-carbon energy use. The two sides also […]
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Joe Biden’s first big clash with the largest businesses in the US came as a result of his proposal to increase corporate tax and raised quite a few eyebrows. Although Corporate America initially welcomed the massive government spending plan, it later expressed genuine concerns on the topic. International corporate taxation has long presented a challenge for tax authorities worldwide, causing them losses in billions of tax dollars. The US has been one of the largest backers of negotiations on a large-scale reform of international corporate taxation that have been going on for quite some time. However, an agreement is yet […]
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Influencer marketing is a fast-growing discipline, and the number of influencers is growing every day in our region. Like Serbia, Croatia is also “fertile ground” for influencer marketing and numerous extremely “influential influencers”. Testimonies of many, both “micro” and “macro” influencers from Croatia, demonstrate that this indeed amounts to a full-time job. So, how does one hire an influencer? In a nutshell, after “becoming famous”, influencers receive offers to promote various products and services on a daily basis, but how is this activity legally regulated in Croatia? Stay tuned, as we discuss below in greater detail the legal position of […]
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The Serbian Competition Authority (“SCA”) recently focused on unapproved mergers i.e. gun-jumping. The most recent “victim” of the SCA’s investigations into gun-jumping was Fortenova Grupa d.d. (“Fortenova”), with the only previous undertaking fined for gun-jumping being Prointer IT Solutions. Meanwhile, Ernst & Young are also being investigated under the same allegations. Is this simply a witch hunt or is there something going on here? Gun-jumping (not only during the Olympics) Before we get into the heart of the matter let`s define what gun-jumping is. In competition law, gun-jumping is a concept pertaining to an unlawful pre-merger and pre-clearance coordination of […]
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The Council of the EU agreed on Tuesday to apply its revised enlargement methodology in the accession negotiations of Serbia and Montenegro. The new rules within the accession process aim to increase contacts at the ministerial level and promote fundamental reforms in the two countries. Additionally, the new enlargement methodology has the goal of improving the predictability of the accession process. Furthermore, it reorganizes chapters into clusters to speed up negotiations between the states with the EU. The decision comes after the European Commission issued a Communication in February which addressed the need to improve the accession process. The new […]
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Who are “influencers”? Developments in technology and the significant influence of social networks on modern life, have resulted in the development of a completely new breed of digital marketers – influencers[1]. Increasingly, successful brands now recognize influencer marketing as an extremely effective way to advertise their business which in turn expands their reach and increasing the sales of products and services. The term influencers originated in the English language, and many other languages, including Serbian, use anglicisms to refer to influencers to denote influential people within a certain group of people. We are familiar with their work today on various […]
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The adoption of amendments, and the new group of energy-related acts are crucial for Serbia’s energy transition, which is set to be implemented through several new regulations. All countries in the Western Balkans must transition to carbon-neutral energy sectors and become part of the integrated energy market. The main goal of the transition is to increase the share of renewable energy sources, improve energy efficiency and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Members of the Serbian Parliament adopted the Amendments to the Energy Act, the Act on Energy Efficiency and Rational Use of Energy (the “Energy Efficiency Act”) and the Amendments to […]
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“Three Strikes, You’re Out!”, or, as in the practice of the UK’s watchdog, “third time is a charm”, but the fourth is not. Let us check out the rules of fair play when it comes to protecting competition in the UK market. In the early 2020 Associated Lead Mills Ltd (ALM) and H.J. Enthoven Ltd (trading as BLM British Lead), two of the UK’s largest suppliers of rolled lead, admitted to forming a cartel and thus breaking the law four times by colluding on prices, sharing the rolled lead market by arranging not to target certain customers, and purposely not […]
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Introductory remarks There are many reasons why football is one of the world’s most successful and popular sports, and that Europe is its home. As Rohan Roy said in his poem, football is “the most beautiful game”. Although football has changed over the years, which was inevitable, it kept receiving support from its fans. Historically, adjustments to “the most important of the least important things” have been announced and introduced gradually, so that the core principles of football would survive. It is obvious that the fans and supporters were and always will be the reason for football’s worldwide success. This […]
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After a short break from our previous reflections on the EU’s new set of regulations concerning digital markets (more details available here), we are back with an even more vivid and thorough breakdown of the proposed regulation. To pick up where we left off, we will be taking a closer look at the Digital Services Act (“DSA“ or „Act“). As we have already familiarized ourselves with the EU’s goals and ambitions regarding new digital market regulation, we can now fully indulge ourselves by taking a closer look at the Act. We hope that you managed to catch your breath because […]
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Gecić Law is currently representing Bosnia and Herzegovina in a procedure with the Energy Community, a landmark case across the Balkans related to alleged state aid in the construction of Block 7 of the Tuzla Thermal Power Plant, a project worth USD 1.1 billion, with co-counsel Marić & Co. Law Firm based in Sarajevo. Launched in 2018 by the Secretariat of the Energy Community against Bosnia and Herzegovina, the process has been marked by violation of due process, complete disregard for the rights of the defense as well as continuous bids of the prosecution to speed up the process and […]
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Diplomacy & Commerce magazine, a syndication of London’s The Economist magazine for Serbia, prepared a special InFocus supplement as part of its February 2021 issue, with the aim of providing the readers a closer insight into the development of bilateral relations and successful cooperation between Serbia and the United Arab Emirates. Bogdan Gecic, Managing Partner at Gecic Law, a founding and exclusive member of the UAE Serbia Business club since 2019, gave an interview, which can be read in its entirety below. As an industry, the legal profession has been changing significantly. We have always believed there is a lot […]
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Our Energy practice team has repeatedly demonstrated its credibility by devising unique opportunities for greenfield and brownfield investments for our clients. We provide comprehensive solutions related to privatization, regulatory compliance and due diligence in cooperation with eminent regulatory, corporate and financial experts. Counsel to Norwegian NBT AS on Wind Farms Project in Serbia Our latest accomplishment in the energy sector is providing counsel to NBT AS, Norway, a utility-scale wind power developer (exceeding 100 KW of power), in partnering with WV International (formerly Windvision). WV International has been developing wind farm projects in Serbia since 2010 and has been active […]
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The Treaty of Nice, a landmark agreement in the history of the European integration process, celebrated its 20th anniversary last Friday. The legislation was signed on February 26, 2001 and came into force on February 1, 2003. The key aim of the Treaty was to introduce institutional changes and decision-making reform, amending the Maastricht Treaty and the Treaty of Rome, which would allow for the ensuing EU enlargement. The Treaty introduced qualified majority voting in the European Council, removed national vetoes in many areas and gave the European Parliament the power to elect the Commission President. It formalized the principles […]
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